How Second Languages are Learned: Insights from Theoretical Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition

This study explores major theories of second language acquisition (SLA) through a systematic literature review, focusing on the behaviourist, innatist, interactionist, developmental, cognitive, and sociocultural perspectives. The findings suggest that although each theory offers valuable insights, no single framework fully explains L2 development. The study highlights the need for an integrated approach that considers cognitive, social and developmental factors. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of SLA and inform more effective language teaching practice.