THE HEALTH SYSTEM'S ROLE IN COMBATING SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Objectives. The study of the extent of sexual violence globally and in the Republic of Moldova, as well as the synthesis of actions taken by public authorities in order to provide an adequate health system response to sexual violence. Material and methods. The study analyzed the problem of sexual violence at global and national level, especially the legislative measures and actions taken in the Republic of Moldova to improve victims' access to health services. Results. Sexual violence is a serious human rights violation, widespread in all communities around the world, affecting people of all ages, especially women and children. WHO estimates a global prevalence of sexual violence of 7.2%, with regional variations. In the Republic of Moldova, legislation on the protection of victims of sexual violence has been aligned with international standards through the ratification of the Istanbul Convention in 2021, which calls for the criminalization of rape and sexual harassment. In the same year, to ensure the unification of medical practice in cases of sexual violence, the first Standardized Clinical Protocol "Clinical Management of Rape Cases" was developed and approved. Moreover, specialized centers have been established, such as the Barnahus-type centers for children in Balti and the regional service in Ungheni for adult victims, which provide multidisciplinary assistance. They provide integrated assistance, helping to prevent revictimization and improve the quality of interventions. Conclusions. A well-coordinated response of public institutions and the development of standardized protocols, supported by international organizations, are essential to ensure the protection of victims and support their health and safety.