Smart Water Management Technology: An IoT-Based Solution for Efficient Water Resource Management

Efficient management of water resource is critical in addressing growing concerns around water quality and scarcity, particularly in urban and rural settings of most underdeveloped countries or regions. The regions lack an efficient system which optimizes water storage and usage - leading to water scarcity caused by mismanagement. The objective of this work is to control the water demand constraints, while also enabling the water quality, water levels, and temperature monitoring in a just in time fashion. Among the system components are sensors for assessing water level and remote control of water pumps, water sample quality measurements by turbidity as well as measuring environmental conditions like temperature. As the central microcontroller for this setup, an Arduino Uno R3 is able to receive and process various sensors’ data and coordinate automated actions to be made, for example turn on the water pump when the water level drops below a certain level or a threshold. Data transmission is achieved through the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol, with an ESP32 WiFi module to facilitate seamless communication. Through system integration, the “Smart Water Watch” device aims to solve the problems posed by conventional water management systems and presents a rapid and low-cost modern solution suitable for domestic, commercial and industrial settings