Review of the challenges and opportunities associated with clean energy and electric vehicles integration into modern smart power grids

The transportation and power sectors are both on the verge of making a firm transformation from the global shift toward electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy sources. Ideal for the situations in benefiting the economy and environment but introduces complications in the power grids and smart applications of the demand management. This paper provides a comprehensive review of existing literature on the challenges and opportunities associated with electrification and synergizing the renewables from solar, wind, or geo-thermal energy. Many authors have objectively synthesized the past data and research elaborating the critical electrical systems in addressing the key issues such as increased grid load, localized infrastructure stress, the mismatch between energy supply and EV charging demand, and the need for advanced grid management systems. Thus, this paper draws conclusions from the given research enclosing the whole picture with a normalized linear equation to direct researchers in narrowing their focus. Possible application of this methodology is restricted to scholarly authors and policy makers. How planning in urban developments inclusive of modernized power systems requires thorough literature review becomes the motivation of this review research paper. The limitations of the study are the pool of research papers studied and interpreted in this paper. Moreover, evolving research with improved products in both charging and grid integration affects the results of this study.