Review On Hydrogels: Advances, Challenges, And Applications in Biomedicine

Hydrogels are highly hydrated, porous biomaterials with exceptional biocompatibility and versatility. Composed of natural or synthetic polymers, hydrogels mimic the extracellular matrix, facilitating tissue regeneration and drug delivery. Their unique properties enable controlled release of therapeutic agents, enhanced wound healing, and improved patient compliance. Hydrogels are employed in various applications, including wound care, tissue engineering, ophthalmology, and cosmetic/skincare products. Recent advancements in stimulus-responsive and biodegradable hydrogels have expanded their potential in personalized medicine and regenerative medicine. This review highlights hydrogel's properties, applications, advantages, and challenges, emphasizing their transformative impact on healthcare outcomes.