Smart Curtailment Management In Power Grids With High Renewable Penetration: The Role Of Batteries, Data Centers, And Flexibility Compensation Policies

Background: The rapid expansion of intermittent renewable energy sources has led to significantreconfigurations in power systems, particularly in regions with high levels of solar and wind energy generation.Among the challenges that have emerged, curtailment stands out as a critical issue, as it prevents the fullutilization of the energy produced. In this context, the present study examines effective mitigation strategiesinvolving the use of batteries, data centers, and flexibility remuneration mechanisms, based on both nationaland international research.Materials and Methods: This investigation adopted a qualitative approach, selected due to the interpretivenature of the subject and the aim of thoroughly understanding the technical, regulatory, and strategic aspectssurrounding curtailment management in systems with high penetration of renewable sources. The researchprocedures included bibliographic and documentary analysis, both essential for supporting the study’sanalytical foundation.Results: The general objective of this study was to analyze intelligent curtailment management strategies inpower systems with a high share of renewable sources. Emphasis was placed on the role of batteries and datacenters as mitigating elements and on the comparative evaluation of flexibility remuneration policiesimplemented in Brazil and other countries. The results highlight the importance of integrated planning as afundamental measure to prevent structural bottlenecks. Scenario forecasting for renewable generation wasfrequently mentioned in the reviewed literature as a key practice. The synergy between batteries and datacenters demonstrated substantial operational advantages, especially when supported by public policies thatpromote system-wide flexibility.Conclusion: Mitigating curtailment in renewable-intensive power systems requires a multifaceted approachthat integrates technological, regulatory, and strategic measures. The coordinated deployment of batteries anddata centers, combined with well-designed flexibility remuneration policies, offers promising pathways toenhance the efficient use of renewable energy. Integrated planning and predictive modeling emerge as criticalelements for ensuring system adaptability and sustainability.