Association Between Vitamin D3 Deficiency and Postpartum Outcomes in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta Analysis

Women may experience postpartum depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders after giving birth. Vitamin D3 can be formed in the human body through skin exposure to sunlight (UV radiation) or from dietary resources. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between postpartum depression and vitamin D3 deficiency in pregnant women using "preferred reporting. Item for systemic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) framework as a guide, this study incorporated insight from 9 scholarly papers to illuminate the impact of vitamin D3 on pregnant women that is related to postpartum, which can lead to psychological issues like anxiety and depression. In conclusion, a pregnant woman experiencing low levels of vitamin D3 thought that the first and second trimesters of her pregnancy might have an impact on her psychological behavior after giving birth because she did not eat a diet high in vitamin D3 and was not exposed to sunlight. In addition, this study revealed that pregnant women have severely low vitamin D3 levels. Therefore, every pregnant woman should be monitored and followed up with her vitamin D3 serum levels throughout the period of gestation and take vitamin D3 supplements when it is found at a low level and should also visit a psychiatrist when one of these symptoms appears.