Innovative Strategies for Mitigating Temperature Stress in Cotton Crop Through Scientific Advances

As climate change continues to have a growing impact on agriculture, mitigating temperature stress in cotton production is crucial. This review outlines a comprehensive heat stress management strategy that encompasses technical enhancements, genetic advancements, and sustainable behaviours. Precision agriculture, which utilises modern sensors, drones, and artificial intelligence, provides real-time data on soil health, enabling farmers to make quick adjustments in response to temperature changes. These techniques enable intelligent modifications in response to changing environmental conditions, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of heat stress mitigation strategies. It is crucial to develop the heat and drought-resistant cotton cultivars. Genetic research, specifically genome-wide association studies (GWAS), has significantly enhanced our understanding of developing temperature-tolerant cotton cultivars, which are essential for adapting to climate change and ensuring a stable global cotton supply. Two examples of environmentally friendly farming practices that can help minimise temperature stress are conservation tillage and cover cropping. These measures not only enhance soil moisture retention but also mitigate the effects of heat stress on cotton plants. Integrated pest management and agroecological approaches promote sustainability by restoring ecosystem balance and reducing chemical use, which benefits both the environment and honeybee populations. This review emphasises the relevance of temperature stress management, precision agriculture, genetic research, and environmentally friendly cotton growing practices. As research and technology continue to advance, these solutions will evolve, enabling the cotton industry to thrive in the face of climate change while maintaining its environmental sustainability.