Smart Water Grids: A Review of Current Trends and Future Directions

Abstract: Smart Water Grids (SWG) have surfaced as a promising result to address the challenges of adding demands, growing structure, and climate change in water operation. By using advanced technologies similar to the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and data analytics, SWG optimizes water distribution, consumption, and operation. The crucial factors of SWG include detectors, communication networks, and data operation systems, which enable colorful operations similar to leak discovery, pressure operation, water quality monitoring, and demand soothsaying. Still, SWG also faces challenges similar to cyber security enterprises, data integration, and scalability. To overcome these challenges, unborn directions for SWG include the integration of emerging technologies like blockchain and 5G networks, eventually leading to the development of sustainable, effective, and flexible water operation systems.