Underwater Wireless Communication System Using IDMA-OFDM System

Underwater wireless communication significantly differs from terrestrial communication due to the varied properties of water bodies. Factors such as water depth, salinity, and density create unique challenges in establishing efficient transmission links. While acoustic signals are currently the most effective medium for underwater communication, they are often hindered by multipath propagation, leading to inter-symbol interference (ISI). This interference degrades system performance. To address this, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique is employed due to its ability to reduce delay spread and mitigate interference. When combined with Interleave Division Multiple Access (IDMA), the system can effectively handle multi-user access, reducing error bursts in underwater applications. This paper proposes an IDMA-OFDM model for underwater communication, developed using MATLAB Simulink. The system's performance is evaluated through Bit Error Rate (BER) analysis under varying signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Results demonstrate the model's robustness against signal degradation in shallow water environments.