Current Status and Future Prospects of Pharmacovigilance in India

Pharmacovigilance (PV) is essential for monitoring the safety and efficacy of medicines throughout their lifecycle. This review critically examines the current advancements in pharmacovigilance, with emphasis on spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting, post-marketing surveillance, and the integration of modern technologies such as artificial intelligence and real-world data analytics. The role of electronic health records, machine learning algorithms, and natural language processing in signal detection and risk minimization is discussed. Challenges including underreporting, data quality issues, and regulatory disparities are highlighted. Furthermore, the importance of global harmonization of PV systems and stakeholder education is addressed. The review concludes that the future of pharmacovigilance lies in a proactive, technology-driven, and patient-centric approach to drug safety.