Detrimental Effects of Traffic Noise in Traffic Police Personnel as Assessed by Auditory Brain Stem Evoked Response

Background: Traffic police personnel are often exposed to high levels of noise due to their occupational environment, which may adversely affect auditory function. This study aims to evaluate the detrimental effects of chronic traffic noise exposure on auditory brainstem responses (ABR) among traffic police personnel in Jammu, India. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study included 136 traffic police personnel with a minimum of 5 years of experience, regularly exposed to noise levels ≥85 dB for at least 6 hours daily. A control group of 120 age- and gender-matched individuals with no noise exposure was also assessed. ABR testing was performed using the Biologic Navigator Pro system, measuring latencies of waves I, III, and V, along with interpeak intervals. Noise exposure levels were assessed using a calibrated sound level meter. Results: Traffic police personnel exhibited significantly prolonged latencies for waves I (1.88 ± 0.23 ms), III (4.27 ± 0.25 ms), and V (6.45 ± 0.34 ms) compared to controls (p < 0.05 for all). The prevalence of tinnitus and difficulty in hearing was significantly higher in the traffic police group (54.4% and 44.9%, respectively) versus controls (10.0% and 7.5%, respectively). Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between noise exposure levels and ABR latencies (r values from 0.432 to 0.541, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Chronic exposure to high traffic noise among traffic police personnel is associated with significant auditory dysfunction, as reflected by altered ABR parameters. The findings underscore the need for regular auditory assessments and protective measures to mitigate the impact of noise exposure in this occupational group.