A Study of Histological Findings in Women with Post-Menopausal Bleeding in A Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract Background: Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is a significant clinical concern, often indicating underlying endometrial pathology, including endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. This study investigates the histological findings in women presenting with PMB at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Government Medical College, Jammu from January 2024 to December 2024. In the study, 100 Women aged 45 years or older with a history of amenorrhea for at least 12 months and who underwent endometrial sampling were included. The data regarding demographic information, clinical history, and histopathological reports were collected through a pre-defined format. Results: A total of 100 women were analyzed. The mean age of participants was approximately 51.7 years. The majority of cases were from the middle socioeconomic class (56%) and urban areas (60%). Obesity (30%) and diabetes (22%) were the most common comorbidities. Histopathological findings revealed endometrial atrophy (40%) as the most prevalent, followed by proliferative endometrium (25%) and disordered proliferative endometrium (10%). Endometrial carcinoma was detected in 5% of cases. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of comprehensive evaluation in women with PMB. While benign conditions like endometrial atrophy are common, the presence of premalignant and malignant lesions necessitates thorough diagnostic workup and timely intervention to improve outcomes for postmenopausal women.