Classification of Disabilities and the Disability Identification Process: Foundational Data for Designing a Moral Community

This article examines and analyzes the classification of disabilities into seven legal categories in Thailand and the procedural framework for issuing disability identification cards. The disability card serves as a fundamental instrument in granting access to healthcare, education, employment and social welfare, while also functioning as a “tool of dignity restoration” for the most vulnerable populations. A case study in the Buddharaksa Moral Community, Sikhio District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, demonstrates that the issuance of disability cards extends beyond administrative documentation. It embodies the integration of the “Bovorn” model home, temple, school and government in delivering justice and inclusive support for persons with disabilities. The article further highlights practical measures for rural and marginalized areas, including the use of community witnesses and DNA verification in cases lacking civil documents. Ultimately, it underscores the significance of accurate classification and card issuance as foundational data for designing moral communities that foster equity, compassion and sustainable development.