SUSTAINABLE AND SCALABLE WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK ALGORITHMS

The rapid growth of data sources, including audio, video, text, images, cloud storage, web content, RFID, and sensors, has made big data an essential research area. Among the significant contributors to big data are Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which consist of numerous sensor nodes responsible for monitoring environmental and physical conditions such as temperature, pressure, and humidity. However, one of the main challenges in WSNs is energy consumption, as it directly impacts the operational lifespan and reliability of sensor nodes. Efficient energy utilization is crucial for enhancing network performance and sustainability. Various algorithms and protocols have been developed to address this issue by optimizing energy consumption and extending the network’s longevity. This paper reviews prominent energy-efficient algorithms used in WSNs, such as LEACH, PEGASIS, and KOCA, discussing their methodologies and impact on network performance. Additionally, it highlights advancements in energy-efficient techniques and explores potential future research directions in WSN optimization. By analyzing existing approaches, this study aims to provide insights into improving energy efficiency in sensor networks, contributing to the development of more robust and sustainable WSNs. The findings can assist researchers and engineers in designing more effective energy management strategies for wireless sensor networks.