Pharmacogenomics & Personalized Medicine: Exploring the Impact of Genetic Variations on Drug Response and Personalized Treatment Plans

Adolescents and young adults are the most common demographics affected by acne vulgaris, a chronic inflammatory skin condition. Comedones, papules, pustules, and, in more severe instances, cysts and nodules are the clinical hallmarks of this condition. Inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit, aberrant keratinization, overproduction of sebum, and colonization by Cutibacterium acnes are all components of the complex pathophysiology of acne. While numerous topical and systemic therapies such as benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, and antibiotics are commonly prescribed, their use is often associated with side effects including skin irritation, dryness, and increased microbial resistance. These limitations have catalyzed the search for safer and more natural alternatives, particularly herbal formulations rooted in traditional medicine. Among the various botanicals studied, Murrayakoenigii (curry leaves) has emerged as a potential candidate due to its established antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Rich in phytochemicals like carbazole alkaloids, flavonoids, and essential oils, curry leaves offer therapeutic benefits that align with the pathological mechanisms of acne. This review provides a detailed analysis of the phytoconstituents of Murrayakoenigii and their relevance to acne management. Additionally, it discusses the formulation and evaluation of anti-acne herbal creams incorporating curry leaf extracts, with emphasis on pharmacological validation and in vitro efficacy testing. By integrating traditional botanical knowledge with modern dermatological research, this article aims to highlight the potential of curry leaves as a safe, natural, and effective component in growth of herbal anti-acne skincare products.