15. Ethical Foundation of Commerce in Thirukkural

Thirukkural, authored by the ancient Tamil poet-saint Thiruvalluvar, is a seminal work that offers profound insights into ethics, morality, and practical wisdom. Among its many themes, commerce holds a critical place, emphasizing the integration of ethical conduct with trade and business activities. This paper explores the ethical foundations of commerce as delineated in Thirukkural, analyzing how it promotes honesty, fairness, social responsibility, and sustainability in trade practices. The study highlights the timeless relevance of Thirukkural's commercial ethics in contemporary business environments.