The impact of project length on management control and quality

Abstract Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in Somalia's economic development, contributing to job creation and economic stability. However, various factors hinder their performance and growth. This study explores the key challenges affecting SMEs in Galkayo, Somalia, including financial constraints, political instability, regulatory barriers, and human resource limitations. Using a mixed-methods approach, data was collected through surveys and interviews with SME owners, managers, and key stakeholders. The findings indicate that limited access to financing, lack of financial management skills, and inadequate banking services significantly impact SME growth. Additionally, political instability and weak regulatory frameworks create an unpredictable business environment, increasing operational risks and discouraging investment. The study also highlights the role of human resource capacity, where limited access to skilled labor and training opportunities affects business performance and sustainability. The study underscores the need for policy reforms, improved financial support systems, and enhanced business training programs to strengthen SME performance. Recommendations include increasing access to financial services, implementing SME-friendly regulations, and investing in workforce development. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, entrepreneurs, and organizations aiming to improve the resilience and success of SMEs in Somalia.