To Investigate the Concentrations of Interleukins in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background: The inflammatory reaction to harmful particles or gases, especially those associated with tobacco smoking, and the continuous airway blockage characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive respiratory illness. Aim: To investigate the concentrations of cytokines in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Materials & Methods: The investigation was conducted at the Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, located in Sitapur, India, specifically in the Mau Ataria region. This study involving 200 participants, including a COPD group and a healthy control group, quantified cytokines in serum using a multi-analyte ELISA Array kit. Results showed 6.3% variation between tests and 4.9% variation between duplicates, with 0.5 pg/mL as the sensitivity level. Results: COPD patients have higher levels of TNF-α and IL-1 compared to apparently healthy controls. Healthy controls have greater weight, IL-2, and IL-15 levels. IL-2, IL-4, and IL-15 levels are significantly different between the control and COPD groups. In apparently healthy individuals, there is a positive correlation between BMI and IL-2 levels, while a negative correlation exists between blood weight and IL-15 levels in COPD patients. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the role of inflammatory cytokines in COPD development, suggesting their use as biomarkers for early diagnosis of secondary diseases in COPD patients.