EFFECT OF LEPIDIUM SATIVUM DIETARY SUPPLEMENT ON BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN CHICKEN CAUSED BY SYNTHETIC PYRETHROID TYPE II FENVALERATE

Synthetic pyrethroids, particularly Type II fenvalerate, are widely used in pest control but pose significant toxicological risks to poultry. This study investigates the protective effects of Lepidium sativum (garden cress) as a dietary supplement in mitigating hemato-biochemical alterations induced by fenvalerate exposure in chickens (Gallus domesticus). A controlled experimental design was conducted, wherein chickens were divided into four groups: control, fenvalerate-exposed, Lepidium sativum-supplemented, and a combination of fenvalerate exposure with Lepidium sativum supplementation. Biochemical parameters, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Alkaline phosphatase, Acetylcholinesterase, Total protein, Cholesterol, and Blood glucose were evaluated. Results indicated that fenvalerate exposure significantly increased hepatic markers and induced adverse biochemical changes, including hepatic dysfunction, disturbances in lipid metabolism, and alteration in acetylcholinesterase activity. However, dietary supplementation with Lepidium sativum markedly alleviated these toxic effects by restoring antioxidant enzyme activities, improving hematological indices, and stabilizing liver function biomarkers. The findings suggest that Lepidium sativum exerts a protective role against fenvalerate-induced toxicity by enhancing antioxidant defence mechanisms and mitigating biochemical disruptions. This study highlights the potential of natural dietary supplements in safeguarding poultry health against synthetic pyrethroid toxicity.