Content Analysis Of 9th Grade Pakistan Studies Curriculum for Social Cohesion

The study focuses on the role of the 9th grade Pakistan Studies curriculum in ensuring social cohesion. The study, through qualitative content analysis, considers textbooks content on the basis of five parameters namely; (A) common values and respect to people and institutions, (B) law and stable society, (C) cohesion and lessening of disparity, (D) trust and collaboration among communities, and (E) feeling of national identification and pride. The results show that although the curriculum has a particular focus on national identity and concertedness, it does not embody vital aspects, like diversity and intergroup relationship. Suggestions are given: to update the curriculum by focusing on inclusion and respect to each other.