A Microbiological and Radiological Study in Subjects with Acute Pyelonephritis in K.R. Hospital, Mysuru

Background: Pyelonephritis is a suppurative infection of the kidney often caused by bacterial infection, presenting in acute or chronic forms. Its incidence is notably high among women, and the disease can lead to significant complications, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus and other structural abnormalities of the urinary tract. Objective: This study aims to correlate microbiological and radiological characteristics of acute pyelonephritis cases and to correlate in hospital Outcome. Methods: Study comprised of 80 subjects, adhering to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participant’s laboratory and radiological data was analyzed to assess the severity and outcomes of the disease. Results: In this study, 55% were males and 45% were females, with the majority aged between 61-70 years (31.2%). Comorbidities were prevalent in 98.8%. At admission 62.5% had abnormal Total WBC Count, 91.2% had elevated serum creatinine levels, 62.5% had positive urine culture and 7.5% had positive blood culture. Radiological findings on CT KUB revealed unilateral pyelonephritis in 31.3%, bilateral pyelonephritis in 37.5%, abscess formation in 16.3%, and emphysematous pyelonephritis in 11.4%. Conclusion: Leucocytosis, Worsening RFT, Pyuria and positive blood culture were well correlated with the disease. Emphysematous Pyelonephritis at presentation would portend the poor prognosis. Early Radiological imaging plays a crucial role in assessing the extent and severity of the disease, guiding appropriate intervention.