Euura leucotrocha ZMUO.

270 Euura leucotrocha (Hartig, 1837) Figs 215, 507 Nematus leucotrochus Hartig, 1837: 193–194. Lectotype designated below. Nematus maculiventris Hartig, 1840: 25. Type locality: northern Germany. No specimens located. Synonymy by Konow (1903b). Nematus haemorrhoidalis Hartig, 1840: 26. Lectotype designated by Haris (1997). Primary homonym of Nematus haemorrhoidalis Spinola, 1808 (= Nematus haemmorhoidalis Spinola, 1808). Syn. nov. Nematus caudalis Eversmann, 1847: 16. Lectotype designated below. Syn. nov. Nematus approximatus Förster, 1854a: 320–321. Lectotype designated by Viitasaari (1980). Synonymy by Konow (1903b). Nematus consobrinus Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1871: 237–242, pl, 10. Syntypes ♀ ♂, not located by Thomas (1987). Type locality: Netherlands, Haarlem. Synonymy by Konow (1899). Nematus umbrinus Zaddach, 1876: 84–85. Syntypes ♀ ♂, probably destroyed (Blank & Taeger 1998). Type localities: Poland, Silesia and Gdansk [Danzig]; Russia, Kaliningrad [Königsberg]. Synonymy by Konow (1903b). Nematus incertus W.F. Kirby, 1882: 107. Replacement name for Nematus haemorrhoidalis Hartig, 1840. Nematus sauterianus Zaddach, 1883 in Brischke 1883 147, 153. Holotype ♀, probably destroyed (Blank & Taeger 1998). Type locality: East Prussia. Synonymy by Konow (1903b). Nematus multiplex Zaddach, 1883 in Brischke 1883: 188. Syntypes ♀♀ (MNHW), not examined. Type locality: Silesia. Synonymy by Konow (1903b). Pteronidea cognata Lindqvist, 1958: 108–111. Synonymy with approximatus by Lindqvist (1962a). Diagnosis Typically, the extensively pale head (including antenna), thorax, abdomen, and costa generally paler than pterostigma distinguish males and females from the others in the group. Smaller subapical tooth of claws compared to E. ribesii (subapical tooth broad and as long as apical tooth) and larger compared to E. gracilidentata additionally distinguishes E. leucotrocha females from these two species. Males of E. gracilidentata also tend to have a smaller subapical tooth (can be almost absent) than in E. leucotrocha, but also have a different colour pattern, with the black head and thorax contrasting with the yellow abdomen (in E. leucotrocha the colouration of head and thorax varies together with the abdomen, in a similar way, from mostly black to extensively pale). Males of most other species can be distinguished from E. leucotrocha by the shape of the projection of tergite 8 (see under E. ribesii) and penis valves (see under E. ribesicola, E. similator, and E. vastatrix). Darker specimens of E. leucotrocha might not be clearly distinguishable from E. quieta, but usually the clypeus seems to be more deeply excised in E. quieta than in E. leucotrocha. The male type specimen of caudalis seems to fit better with leucotrocha (projection of tergite 8 broader, less emarginate clypeus) than ZMUO.029729 (quieta). Males can also be rather dark (ZMUO.036046): antenna black, head slightly pale around eyes (clypeus, labrum, lower orbits and slightly supraclypeal area pale), mesepisternum black, abdomen dorsally mostly black. Type material examined Lectotype Nematus leucotrochus, here designated GERMANY – Niedersachsen • ♀; Harz; 51.8° N, 10.3° E; W. Saxesen leg.; ZSM, GBIF-GISHym3338. Paralectotype Nematus leucotrochus GERMANY • 1 ♀; same data as for lectotype; NFVG, GBIF-GISHym4684. Lectotype Nematus haemorrhoidalis GERMANY • ♂; northern Germany [according to Hartig 1840: 22]; ZSM, DEI-GISHym12490. Lectotype Nematus caudalis, here designated RUSSIA – Tatarstan • ♂; Kasan Province; 55.8° N, 49.1° E; E. Eversmann leg.; ZIN, DEI-GISHym30028. Lectotype Nematus approximatus GERMANY – Nordrhein-Westfalen • ♀; Aachen area; 50.77° N, 6.09° E; ZSM, GBIF-GISHym3203. Holotype Pteronidea cognata FINLAND – Uusimaa • ♀; Helsinki, Munksnäs [Munkkiniemi]; 60.22° N, 24.89° E; 2 Apr. 1955; E. Lindqvist leg.; MZH, http://id.luomus.fi/GL.2455. Host plants Ribes spp. Possibly there are regional differences in preferences for host species: in Finland R. rubrum L. is preferred, whereas in Germany and the British Isles R. uva-crispa L. is the usual host (Benson 1958a; Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer 2000). According to Viitasaari (1980) frequently also R. nigrum L., although this could refer to E. quieta even though Viitasaari (1980) separated this species from E. leucotrocha. Genetics COI Based on 9 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 5.17% and the nearest neighbours, diverging by a minimum of 0.46%, are Euura quieta and E. gracilidentata. Nuclear Based on 10 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 0.86% (0.64% based on haplotypes of individual females). The nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0.5%, is Euura gracilidentata. Distribution and material examined Palaearctic. Specimens studied are from Finland, Germany, Russia, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.