Derivation of a 4D Force for the 4D Quantum Potential

In this paper, we derive a four-force associated with the four-dimensional (4D) quantum potential introduced in Ref. [1]. This force, defined as F μ = −m(ημν − uμuν )∂ν Q(x), generalizes the de Broglie-Bohm quantum force to relativistic contexts and ensures consistency with special relativity. We present a rigorous derivation of this force from first principles, starting with the Klein-Gordon equation and systematically transitioning to a classical scalar field through a mean-field approximation. The effective action for this field is derived using the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) method, ensuring a well-motivated bridge between quantum and classical regimes. We discuss how this four-force can drive particle dynamics in flat Minkowski space, reproducing gravitational effects such as post-Newtonian corrections in General Relativity (GR).

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2025-03-07
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14984918
Primary Topic
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Derivation of a 4D Force for the 4D Quantum Potential

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
article

Derivation of a 4D Force for the 4D Quantum Potential

article en

Abstract

In this paper, we derive a four-force associated with the four-dimensional (4D) quantum potential introduced in Ref. [1]. This force, defined as F μ = −m(ημν − uμuν )∂ν Q(x), generalizes the de Broglie-Bohm quantum force to relativistic contexts and ensures consistency with special relativity. We present a rigorous derivation of this force from first principles, starting with the Klein-Gordon equation and systematically transitioning to a classical scalar field through a mean-field approximation. The effective action for this field is derived using the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) method, ensuring a well-motivated bridge between quantum and classical regimes. We discuss how this four-force can drive particle dynamics in flat Minkowski space, reproducing gravitational effects such as post-Newtonian corrections in General Relativity (GR).

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Openalex Percentile: Top 59%
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
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