Evaluating the Performance of Green Mussels (Perna viridis) as a Biofilter to Improve Seawater Quality in Pantai Kalibaru

Abstract This study explores the potential of green mussels (Perna viridis) as a natural biofiltration system in mitigating water pollution in Jakarta’s coastal waters, particularly in the Pantai Kalibaru area of Jakarta Bay. Seawater samples were tested for color, turbidity, soluble solids, coliform levels, and heavy metal content before and after the addition of green mussels. Results showed a significant improvement in water clarity, with turbidity reduced from 128.6 NTU to 7.08 NTU and color from 13.6 TCU to 7.17 TCU. Coliform levels decreased substantially, indicating the mussels' ability to filter biological contaminants. However, no significant reductions in heavy metal concentration were observed. Although improvements in water quality were observed, they did not exceed Indonesian National Standards (SNI) for drinking and potable water, suggesting that while Perna viridis effectively improves some parameters, additional measures are necessary to meet regulatory standards. This study highlights the potential of green mussels as a natural biofiltration method for improving coastal water quality in urban areas.