Effects of Simulation Games and Rote Learning Strategies on Performance in Numeracy Concept among Lower Basic Pupils in Kaduna State

This study was conducted to determine the effect of simulation games and Rote Learning Instructional Strategies on Performance among Numeracy pupils in Lower Basic Schools in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Two objectives corresponding research questions and hypotheses, respectively guided the study. Quasi-experimental research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consists of 423,036 (Male 253,821 and Female 169,215) lower basic class II pupils during the 2023/2024 academic session in Kaduna State. A sample of 248 (male, 166 and Female, 82) pupils were selected from the target population using multistage sampling technique. Numeracy Performance Test (NPT) was used to collect data for the study. Reliability index of 0.697 was obtained using Cronbach alpha reliability test. Mean and Standard Deviations was used to analyse the research questions. sample-paired and independent t-test statistical tools were used to test hypotheses at 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed that pupils taught the concept numeracy using simulation Games had higher performance than those exposed to lecture method. However, both simulation games and rote learning can be used to teach numeracy as they improved performance than the Conventional Strategy. The study recommended that; Simulation games strategy should be used by teachers of numeracy since performance improved after treatment and Rote learning strategy should be used by teachers of numeracy since performance improved after treatment. Keywords: Simulation Games, Rote learning Strategies, Performance and Numeracy.