Determination of the Chemical and Morphological Structure of Liposomes Encapsulating Lycopene Derived from Tomatoes Using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and

Lycopene, a natural carotenoid abundantly found in tomatoes, has been extensively studied for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. However, its poor aqueous solubility, instability under physiological conditions, and limited bioavailability hinder its clinical application. This study investigates the encapsulation of lycopene in liposomal carriers to improve its chemical stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic potential, particularly for prostate cancer treatment. Liposomal formulations were characterized using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and ultrasound imaging techniques. The analyses revealed successful encapsulation of lycopene with preserved structural integrity, spherical morphology, and nanoscale dimensions. The findings provide strong evidence that liposomal encapsulation is a viable strategy for enhancing the delivery of lycopene in nanomedicine applications.