GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN CHILDREN

Glomerulonephritis (GN) in children represents a heterogeneous group of renal diseases characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, the filtering units of the kidney. It can manifest acutely or chronically, with symptoms ranging from microscopic hematuria to nephrotic-nephritic syndrome and progressive renal failure. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies related to pediatric glomerulonephritis. Special attention is paid to post-infectious glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and the emerging role of immunomodulatory therapy. Emphasis is placed on early detection, multidisciplinary care, and long-term monitoring to prevent chronic kidney disease.