Indigenous ecological knowledge, conservation status, and spatial distribution of Sterculia setigera in Togo

Indigenous knowledge of plant resources is very useful for their sustainable management. The present study aim is to understand the indigenous knowledge for sustainable management of Sterculia setigera in Togo. In particular, it collected information on the ethno-ecological knowledge of S. setigera, its habitat, population dynamics, traditional management and spatial distribution in Togo. Data were collected through semi-structured individual and focus group interviews with 376 informants (almost all Togolese ethnic groups: 29), coupled with direct field observations. A total of 553 occurrences were recorded during field observations. The results showed that knowledge of the species' habitat and population dynamics varied by geographical area, while management was sometimes influenced by socio-cultural considerations and use values. Human activities were identified as a major threat affecting the population dynamics of the species. The projection of these on the Togolese eco-floristic map showed that eco-floristic zones I and III were identified as areas with a high occurrence of S. setigera, while the species is almost absent in the semi-deciduous forest zone (eco-floristic zone IV). Further research on how climate change affects the species' habitat, propagation and planting should be encouraged.