Trichonephila clavata

Trichonephila clavata (L. Koch, 1878) (Fig. 4A–E) Trichonephila clavata: Fomichev & Omelko (2024): 13, figs 1–5 (♀). For a complete list of 37 taxonomic entries, see World Spider Catalog (2025).Material: AZERBAIJAN: Lankaran-Astara Region: 1♀ (IZBA), Lankaran,Hirkan Park, 38°39′31.3″N 48°46′52.0″E, 03 September 2024 (J. Freyhof).Remarks: Some authors consider Nephilidae as a sub-family of Araneidae. Distribution: India to Japan and introduced to the USA (Chuang et al. 2023), the Russian Far East (Fomichev & Omelko 2024), and Azerbaijan (the present paper).