Promotion of Intraoperative Hemolysis and Life-Threatening Complications in Surgery

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) utilizing artificial circulation (AC) induces intraoperative hemolysis (IOH), primarily due to mechanical damage to erythrocytes within the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) system. This study investigated the triggers of hemolysis in 123 CABG patients by analyzing free hemoglobin (FreeHb) levels and their association with various risk factors. The results showed no significant correlation between FreeHb levels and hypertension, diabetes, anemia, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, or myocardial ischemia duration. However, prolonged CPB time and overweight status were linked to increased hemolysis, emphasizing the need for preoperative weight management and optimized surgical techniques. Preventive measures, including lifestyle modifications and advanced perfusion strategies, may mitigate hemolysis-related complications. Future research should explore targeted interventions to reduce FreeHb levels and improve patient outcomes post-CABG. Understanding these relationships will aid in refining perioperative care and enhancing the safety of cardiac surgeries.