Understanding Transgender Marginalization: An Ecological Systems Approach to Social and Educational Challenges in Pakistan

Abstract: This research critically examines the educational and social marginalization of the transgender community in Pakistan. Despite legal protections under domestic law and international treaties, transgender individuals continue to face substantial barriers to educational and economic progress. The study explores the colonial legacy that contributed to the stigmatization of the transgender community, analysing its post-colonial consequences and the persistence of systemic discrimination in contemporary Pakistan. Using Bronfenbrenner’s socio-ecological model as a theoretical framework, this research evaluates the interconnected social, educational, and economic factors that reinforce their exclusion. By identifying gaps within this framework, the study aims to inform the development of inclusive policies that uphold transgender rights and promote equitable access to education in alignment with the principle of "education for all." Keywords: Transgender rights, education, colonialism, post-colonialism, inclusivity, Bronfenbrenner’s model. Title: Understanding Transgender Marginalization: An Ecological Systems Approach to Social and Educational Challenges in Pakistan Author: Hadia Jahangir, Shruti Das International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Vol. 13, Issue 1, January 2025 - March 2025 Page No: 125-137 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 06-February-2025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14823846 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/understanding-transgender-marginalization-an-ecological-systems-approach-to-social-and-educational-challenges-in-pakistan