ASSESSMENT OF DURUM WHEAT (T. DURUM DESF) HYBRIDS RESISTANCE TO DROUGHT AND SALINITY UNDER LABORATORY AND FIELD CONDITIONS

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the resistance of durum wheat (T. durum Desf) hybrids to drought and salinity under laboratory and field conditions. For this purpose, samples of durum wheat (T. durum Desf) collected at the Absheron Scientific Research were used. The samples were obtained from the Genbank of Institute of Genetic Resources. In 2023, direct and reciprocal crosses were carried out between the following durum wheat samples k-11 v. hordeiforme, 11272 AG-3118, k-59 v. leucomelan, k-43 v. murcience, black-awned wheat 2, v. apulicum, Sort Barakatli 95, k-194 v. courulenssens, k-11 v. hordeiforme, k-44 v. murcience, k-20 v. leucomelan, k-48 (8) v. melanopus, k-183 v. albuprovinsale and k-42 v. affine. In 2024 the F1 generation seeds of durum wheat (T.durum Desf) obtained as a result of the hybridization were sown on the experimental plot of the Absheron Scientific Research Base of the Azerbaijan Repulic In the course of the study, work was carried out with 21 combinations of durum wheat (paternal, maternal forms and hybrids) and changes in chlorophyll and carotenoid content under the influence of abiotic stresses (drought, salinity) at the heading stage were examined. In addition the productivity of these samples plant height, spike length, number of spikelet’s per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, and weight of 1000 grains. From the 21 durum wheat combinations, 9 samples were selected that were resistance to both drought and salinity. Maternal form AG-3118, Gomur, hybrid AG-3118 × Gomur hybrid Gomur × AG-3118, Maternal form ♀ к-42 аffine, paternal form ♂ Gomur, hybrid Gomur × к-42 аffine, hybrid к-42 аffine × hybrid Gomur, к-42 Affine ♂. The experiments conducted made it possible to identify genotypes with a high degree of tolerance to these types of stress. The results obtained may be used in the selection and introduction of new varieties of durum wheat