Pre-Eclampsia: Postpartum Resolution of Hypertension, Proteinuria, and Serum N-Terminal B-Type Natriuretic Peptide

Background: Pre-eclampsia is a significant pregnancy-related disorder characterized by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria, with implications for both maternal and fetal health. This disorder’s resolution in the postpartum period is critical for long-term health outcomes. Objective: To assess the postpartum resolution of hypertension, proteinuria, and serum N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels among women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. Methods: This prospective observational study involved 100 patients diagnosed with pre-eclampsia at Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital. Participants were monitored for 12 weeks postpartum, with evaluations at 1 week, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks to measure blood pressure, proteinuria, and NT-proBNP levels. Results: At 1 week postpartum, 65% of patients continued to experience hypertension, and 72% had persistent proteinuria. By the end of the study period, 95% showed a resolution of hypertension, and 90% had a resolution of proteinuria. NT-proBNP levels were elevated in 78% of the patients at 1 week but normalized in 92% by 12 weeks. However, 8% of patients maintained elevated NT-pro BNP levels, indicating potential long-term cardiovascular risks. Conclusion: While the majority of women with pre-eclampsia experience resolution of clinical symptoms by 12 weeks postpartum, a small subset continues to show signs of potential long-term cardiovascular complications. These findings highlight the importance of continued monitoring and possible interventions for women with unresolved clinical markers of pre-eclampsia. Further studies are needed to fully understand the long-term impact of this condition on cardiovascular health.