Orbital Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma in A 26-Year-Old Woman At 23 Weeks Gestation: Case Report

Alveolar orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm in adults and even more uncommon during pregnancy, characterized by aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. We present the case of a 26-year-old woman at 23 weeks of gestation with progressive proptosis, diplopia, and decreased visual acuity. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an expansive orbital lesion, histologically confirmed as alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Management required a multidisciplinary approach, prioritizing maternal-fetal stability while establishing an appropriate oncologic therapeutic strategy. This case discusses the challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of pregnant patients with orbital tumors, highlighting the importance of individualized strategies and evidence-based protocols to optimize clinical outcomes.