The effect of oxidative stress on the kidneys

Free radicals have a strong ability to harm and destroy vital molecules in the body's cells, such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The harm resulting from free radicals plays a major role in constantly increasing these radicals and in a series of reactions that lead to the destruction of vital molecules in the cell. Free radicals play a helpful role in destroying malignant tumor tissues by radiation, and they also have a role in demonstrating the action and effect of toxic substances and drugs. They also participate in various vital processes within the body's tissues as intermediate compounds, as biochemical stimulants work to stimulate enzymes through the association of the free radical with the protein part of the enzyme, thus stimulating the working mechanisms of that enzyme, such as the enzymes Catalase, Reductase , Peroxidase, and Oxidase. Therefore, the current review dealt with a study on oxidative stress, including free radicals and antioxidants, and the effects of oxidative stress resulting from the use of drugs and antibiotics on some organs such as the liver, heart, aorta, lung and testicles in general, and the kidneys in detail by studying their effects on blood dynamics within the glomerulus and tubule cell toxicity and inflammation. And crystal nephropathy, rhabdomyolysis, vascular disorders, and nephron toxicity.