Aetiology of Hearing Loss in Cochlear Implantees: A Study of 191 Cases at CI Centre, CMH, Dhaka

Normal hearing is essential for communication in social life. Severe to profound hearing loss influences one's capacity to hear, yet distract to learn and has, in turn, have far-reaching consequences owing to one’s inability to communicate adequately in society. Luckily, the dominant part of this hearing impaired individual can benefit from the cochlear implant. The goal of the research was to investigate the different hearing impairment aetiologies of patients in the cochlear implant program and serves as sampling material for future preventive public health care actions. This was a Survey medical research study conducted in the cochlear implant center situated in Dhaka cantonment from October 2019 to January 2020 of the deafened children who worked–up under the cochlear implant program. Total 191 children were included with hearing impairment. Collected data was: age, gender, date of birth, clinical profile and hearing impairment aetiology. All the information were analyzed in a study period, out of which prenatal 84(47.40%), perinatal 16(8.37%), postnatal 91(44.23%) hearing impaired was found. The most common cause of deafness in the study was Difficulty in pregnancy (19.89%), Consanguinity marriage (14.13%) was the 2nd leading cause then chronologically Anemia (12.56%), CMV (9.94%), Trauma (9.42%), sudden hearing loss (8.37%), LBW & Hereditary (7.85%), Rubella (6.80%), High Fever (5.76%), Typhoid (4.71%), Meningitis (3.66%), Others (2.62%), Noise (1.57%) was found. Among 191 patient 27 were adults and Among the adults major aetiology of hearing loss was Sudden loss (25.92%), Trauma & Noise (18.51%) were the 2nd leading cause, Hereditary & Meningitis (14.81%) were the 3rd leading cause. The major aetiological factor that caused deafness in the study was difficulty in pregnancy. Awareness programs for community and primary medical provider for early detection of hearing abnormality at ground level should be promoted, which will serve as sampling for future actions in public health.