BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR PROCESSING AND WORKING BODIES FOR ROWS OF VINEYARDS

Vineyard soil, which is in a state of pure fallow, must be cultivated to protect the vines from weeds. But such soil must be constantly cultivated for another reason. Rain causes compaction and washing away of most soils, and when they dry out, a crust forms on them, as a result of which ventilation of the soil is difficult and evaporation of moisture increases. If a crust forms on bare soil, 50-70% of the moisture is lost through evaporation through its surface, and only an insignificant part is consumed and evaporated by the plants. Numerous studies have established that even in well-cultivated soil, 25% of the total amount of precipitation evaporates directly from the soil and only 75% of the moisture is evaporated by the plants. If we could prevent evaporation of moisture by covering the soil, this would allow us to provide the plants in the covered areas not with 75%, but perhaps 95% of the total amount of precipitation. And in dry years, an increase in the amount of moisture by 20% gives the same increase in dry matter mass and yield.