Lateral Periodontal Cyst: A Rare Developmental Odontogenic Lesion – A Case Report"

AbstractLateral periodontal cyst (LPC) is an uncommon, non-inflammatory developmental odontogenic cyst that typically occurs along the lateral aspect of the root of a vital tooth, most frequently in the mandibular canine-premolar region. This paper presents a rare case of infected LPC in a 44-year-old female, who reported with a painless swelling on the buccal aspect of the right mandibular premolar region. Clinical examination revealed a well-circumscribed, fluctuant swelling between teeth #44 and #45. Radiographic and CBCT findings showed a well-defined radiolucency with significant buccal cortical plate loss. The lesion was surgically enucleated following scaling and root planing, and the defect was filled with a xenograft mixed with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of LPC, revealing a non-keratinized epithelial lining with focal plaques and clear cells, along with chronic inflammatory infiltrate indicative of secondary infection. Postoperative healing was uneventful, and follow-up at eight weeks showed satisfactory bone regeneration without recurrence. This case highlights the importance of correlating clinical, radiographic, and histopathological findings to arrive at an accurate diagnosis. Conservative surgical management supplemented with regenerative techniques can result in favorable outcomes even in cases with extensive bone involvement