Alkali Interaction with Expansive and Non Expansive Soils

This research examines the interaction of alkali contaminants with both expansive and non-expansive soils, specifically black cotton soil and red soil, while assessing the effectiveness of sulphur and gypsum in restoring soil pH for geotechnical stability. Alkaline contamination, commonly caused by industrial effluents, construction activities, and agricultural practices, alters soil behavior by influencing its strength, swelling-shrinkage properties, and overall suitability for construction and infrastructure development. Laboratory experiments are conducted to evaluate the impact of alkalinity on key soil properties, including Atterberg limits, swelling potential, shear strength, permeability, and consolidation characteristics. Expansive soils, such as black cotton soil, exhibit significant volume changes with moisture fluctuations, whereas non-expansive soils like red soil respond differently to alkali exposure. The presence of alkali contaminants can lead to reduced cohesion, increased dispersibility, and diminished bearing capacity, which pose risks to foundations, pavements, and embankments. This study investigates the potential of sulphur and gypsum as chemical stabilizers to counteract the negative effects of alkalinity. Controlled soil treatment trials are conducted to systematically assess variations in soil pH, structural integrity, and overall engineering performance. The results offer valuable insights into the geotechnical consequences of alkaline contamination and the effectiveness of remediation techniques in stabilizing affected soils. By addressing the challenges posed by contaminated soils in civil engineering applications, this research contributes to sustainable ground improvement strategies, enhancing the durability and safety of infrastructure projects in impacted areas.