Human Resource Sustainability and its Impact on the Competitive Performance of Banks: Evidence from Iraqi Private Banks

ABSTRACT : Importance of this research stems from the pivotal role that sustainable human resources play in achieving institutional excellence and enhancing competitive capabilities. and Problem lies in weak implementation of human resources sustainability practices within private banks, which may negatively impact their competitive performance in a market undergoing constant change. In addition to Aims clarify the concept of human resources sustainability, analyse its reality in the Iraqi banking environment, and measure its impact on competitiveness, while providing recommendations that contribute to developing effective and sustainable strategies for managing the human resource. Through this, the research seeks to support decision-makers in private banks towards adopting sustainable policies that contribute to strengthening their position within the local and regional banking market. And main Hypothesis that implementation of human resources sustainability practices (such as continuous training, retaining talent, and achieving job satisfaction) contributes to effective competitive performance in Iraqi private banks.Results Human resource sustainability has a significant impact on the rise in competitive performance indicators, as we witnessed for BNOI bank with job satisfaction rates rising and employee turnover rates increasing in 2023.