FROM SMART FACTORIES TO AUTONOMOUS ENTERPRISES: ORCHESTRATING INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING INNOVATION THROUGH ETHICAL AI, ZERO-DEFECT SYSTEMS, AND AMBIENT COMPUTING

The transition from traditional manufacturing environments to autonomous enterprises is increasingly propelled by the convergence of Ethical Artificial Intelligence (AI), Zero-Defect Manufacturing (ZDM), and Ambient Computing. These technologies collectively reshape industrial engineering paradigms, enabling predictive, adaptive, and sustainable production systems. This paper explores the state of industrial transformation in with emphasis on the interplay between AI-driven ethical decision-making frameworks, defect-preventive architectures, and human-centered ubiquitous computing. Through an integrative literature review, analysis of current technological implementations, and the proposal of a conceptual model for future-oriented autonomous enterprises, this study contributes a foundational perspective to the field of Industry 5.0.