PARLIAMENTARY SOVEREIGNTY AND CONSTITUTIONAL SUPREMACY: A UK-INDIA COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE

This study critically investigates the evolving dynamics between parliamentary sovereignty and constitutional supremacy in the UK and India from 2020 to 2024, addressing a pressing need to understand constitutional resilience amid rising legislative dominance. With growing concerns over democratic backsliding, the research aims to assess how these two contrasting legal systems manage the tension between legislative autonomy and constitutional accountability. Utilizing a qualitative-comparative methodology grounded in secondary data-including 40+ scholarly works, government reports, and judicial records-the study combines thematic analysis with statistical techniques such as paired and independent t-tests, regression modeling, and correlation analysis. Major findings reveal a 14-point decline in UK public trust (from 60% to 46%) and a 15-point fall in India’s judicial independence (from 68% to 53%), alongside a rise in legislative dominance (UK: +34 points; India: constant at 76%). Statistical results include a strong negative correlation between legislative dominance and institutional autonomy (r = -0.92), and a regression model explaining 86% of variance in institutional resilience. Conclusions highlight converging erosion of constitutional safeguards despite differing traditions, confirming that codified or uncodified structures alone are insufficient. The study recommends enhanced legislative scrutiny, judicial reform, and creation of transnational oversight mechanisms. Findings have global implications for reinforcing democratic governance and checking legislative overreach.