Molecular Detection of Virulence Gene (KPC-19 & OXA-48) in Klebsiella Pneumonia Clinically Isolate from a Tertiary Care Hospital Southern Rajasthan

Introduction: The number of cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae that are resistant to β-lactam medicines is rising. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain the frequency of specific carbapenemase genes in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia that were obtained from patients receiving care at a Southern Rajasthan private tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in Pacific Medical College and Hospital. Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. 156 consecutive non-repetitive, clinically significant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from various clinical specimens was included in the study. In systematic screening program for isolation of Klebsiella species clinical samples were collected from Inpatient Department (IPD) and Outpatient Department (OPD). In our study we included clinical samples i.e Urine, Bronchial aspirate, Sputum, Pleural fluid, Blood, and Pus. Clinical samples were collected aseptically and transport to Microbiology lab. Results: Results obtained from polymerase chain reaction showed OXA-48 gene was detected in isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to carbapenem by polymerase chain reaction. The OXA-48 gene was found in all 10 (100%) isolates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, according to the results of our investigation using polymerase chain reaction. Consequently, it was discovered that the polymerase chain reaction, which has 100% sensitivity, is the gold standard for identifying carbapenemases. The combined disc test has identified more carbapenemases than MHT among the phenotypic assays. Conclusion: This study shows that clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae obtained from patients visiting a private tertiary hospital have the genes OXA-48 and NDM-1. In order to track the prevalence and epidemiology of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections at the community level, population-based surveillance programs should be put in place. This will help with early outbreak detection and the identification of new patterns of antibiotic resistance.