Educational Development in Hyderabad State during the Nizam Period (1724–1948)

The decline of the Mughal Empire in India brought many changes. Circars and Ceded districts experienced numerous vicissitudes in several areas, including administration, revenue, education, and social programmes, while being governed by the British as part of Madras Presidency. These changes, though, did not occur in the state of Hyderabad. The entire state was divided into 17 districts. Education backwardness of a given region is not isolated factor by itself but is an outcome of the historical processes. The contributions of famous people to promoting education are wonderful and will be remembered forever. Bilgarmi took the initiative to establish three industrial schools in Hyderabad, Aurangabad, and Warangal, as well as the State Central Library in Hyderabad. Raja Bahadur Venkat Ram Reddy was instrumental in establishing Narayanguda Girls' High School (renamed Madapati Hanumantha Rao School) in 1928.. Bhagya Reddy Varma not only fought for establishing schools for the children of the most marginalized sections but also established a few schools for Dalit children in Hyderabad City. The census reported a general literacy rate of 2.6 among Hindus, Muslims, Christians, and 0.8 among Animists, whereas the English literacy rate was 0.2 among Hindus, Muslims, and 16.1 among Christians. The Nizam state accepted modern education, the language policy and lack of state commitment led to the educational backwardness of Hyderabad state during the Nizam rule compared to other princely states and British India.