APPLICATION OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES OBTAINED FROM PLANTS IN VARIOUS DISEASE

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) aid in repair and regeneration processes by delivering biomolecules and cellular components to damaged cells or tissues. Plant EVs were first discovered in 1967, before mammalian EVs, and although they resemble mammalian EVs, they differ in the composition of their metabolites. As diseases increase rapidly, the need for natural treatments increases. Therefore, emphasis is placed on exosome therapies, one of the new methods. There is various information about plant-derived EVs in the literature. We have not come across any research on this topic in our country. Therefore, our goal in this article was to demonstrate the importance of EVs obtained from various plants by examining and analyzing the therapeutic effects of EVs in diseases in the literature. The results of the analyses showed that, due to their non-immunogenicity, low toxicity, high delivery efficiency, and good biocompatibility, plant-derived EVs can be used as a new type of carrier for the delivery of intracellular substances such as nucleic acids, active lipids, and cellular proteins, as well as for the delivery of extracellular proteins and small molecule drugs. We can also see in these analyses that plant-derived EVs have antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, modulate detoxification enzymes, and stimulate the immune response.