Localization of the Parathyroid Gland and its Implications for Clinical Management

Abstract Clinical Background: The incidence of hyperparathyroidism, especially primary hyperparathyroidism, has increased over the last decade due to improvements in diagnostic procedures and the increase in parathyroid surgery aimed at developing minor surgical planes. A prerequisite for targeted parathyroidectomy is prior surgery in the area of suspected parathyroid pathology. Therefore, parathyroid imaging modalities and protocols have multiplied, leading to confusion regarding their indications and applications. Research: Data from clinical trials and reviews published since 2000 have been reviewed and supplemented with targeted studies using biomedical data repositories. We also benefit from our general diagnosis. Many variations exist, and many additional non-imaging techniques, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have been described. The good anatomical details of 4D CT should be balanced against the main radiation of the thyroid gland. Invasive intravenous PTH sampling and parathyroid arteriography have an important place in the management of cases. Multidisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists, surgeons and radiologists is good because there is a lot of heterogeneity in the image. Conclusion: Parathyroid localization is suitable for surgical candidates. Important points to consider when selecting imaging studies include availability, cost, radiation exposure, local expertise and accuracy. Other important factors include the patient's pathology and whether the disease is relapsing or refractory. Imaging procedures are offered in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.