Impact of Social Media in Curbing Pre-Election Violence in the 2023 Nigerian Presidential Election in Edo State: A Perception Study

Background: The effectiveness of social media in curbing pre-election violence is a critical issue in the context of the 2023 Nigerian presidential election in Edo State. Social media platforms have become significant channels for information dissemination, particularly concerning election-related events, yet their role in addressing pre-election violence remains under-explored. Objective: The researchers examined the effectiveness of social media in curbing pre-election violence during the 2023 Nigerian presidential election, focusing on the perceptions of Benin residents. Specifically, it sought to determine the level of social media exposure to pre-election violence, assess perceptions of media objectivity in reporting such violence, and evaluate perceptions of the effectiveness of media reportage in mitigating violence. Method: Adopting a survey research design, data were collected from a sample of 400 participants selected through random sampling techniques in Benin City. A structured questionnaire was utilized to gather information on residents’ social media exposure, perceptions of objectivity, and effectiveness of media reporting on pre-election violence. Results: The findings indicated a significant level of exposure among Benin residents to social media reportage regarding pre-election violence. However, perceptions varied, with a notable proportion of residents viewing social media messages as ineffective and lacking objectivity. This suggests a critical disconnect between media exposure and residents' trust in the information being disseminated. Conclusion: The researchers conclude that while Benin residents are exposed to social media coverage of pre-election violence, many perceive this coverage as ineffective and biased. This scepticism may undermine the potential of social media to play a constructive role in addressing pre-election violence, highlighting the need for improved reporting practices. Unique Contribution: This research contributes to the understanding of the complex relationship between social media reporting and public perception in the context of electoral violence. It underscores the necessity for media organizations to enhance the objectivity and effectiveness of their reportage, providing valuable insights for policymakers developing guidelines for responsible media practices during elections. Key Recommendation: Media organizations should prioritize improving the objectivity and effectiveness of their reporting on pre-election violence, while policymakers should establish best practices and guidelines to ensure credible and responsible media engagement in electoral processes.