Comparative Evaluation of Clinico-Radiological Features in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health burden in the world. About 10.6 million people fell ill with TB and approximately 1.6 million deaths have occurred in the year 2021. Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two diverse conditions of immense public health importance existing for centuries. TB is today one of the commonest and widespread communicable infectious diseases largely but not necessarily confined to low-economic groups. DM on the other hand spearheads the group of chronic non-communicable diseases affecting people across all socio-economic strata. This study aimed to compare the clinico-radiological features of Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus. Method: We performed a prospective analysis of all patients who were microbiologically confirmed positive patients of pulmonary TB, aged 18 years or older or had extra-pulmonary involvement with pulmonary TB, between July 2022 to June 2024, at Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow. We also evaluated the proportion of patients, who were diabetics or non-diabetics, and were affected by pulmonary tuberculosis, by their follow up. Results: We performed study on a total of 148 patients, divided into two groups: 74 patients with both pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus, and 74 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis but without diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to compare the clinico-radiological features of Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusion: Fever and expectoration are more prevalent in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients with diabetes, although these differences are not statistically significant.