A Comparative Clinical Study of Efficacy of 0.75% Isobaric Ropivacaine versus 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia

Background: The use of neuraxial anesthesia, such as spinal anesthesia, has become increasingly popular for elective cesarean sections. Local anesthetics are crucial in providing effective pain relief during these procedures. Ropivacaine and bupivacaine are two commonly used local anesthetics with different properties. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of 0.75% isobaric ropivacaine and 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine in providing spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean sections. The current study aimed to compare the clinical effects of 2ml of 0.75% intrathecal isobaric Ropivacaine with 2ml of 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine for elective cesarean section. Methods: N=100 parturients belonging to ASA physical status I & II scheduled for elective cesarean section were randomly selected for the study and were divided into two groups of 30 each Group B patient received 2ml of 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine intrathecally. Group R patients received 2ml of 0.75% isobaric Ropivacaine intrathecally Onset and duration of sensory block, onset and duration of motor block, maximum height of sensory block, quality of anesthesia, and time of request for analgesia, hemodynamic parameters and adverse effects if any were studied. Results: There was no significant difference in the onset of sensory block at T8 between the two groups: 158.40±41.89 sec with Bupivacaine and 174.00±44.12 sec with Ropivacaine (P=0.073). Maximum sensory height was higher in group R (T2-T6) than in group B (T4-T6) (P<0.001). The duration of sensory block was similar between groups, while motor block onset was faster in group B (P<0.001). Motor block duration was longer in group B (P<0.001). Analgesia request time, hemodynamic parameters, and side effects were comparable. Conclusion: Ropivacaine 15 mg (2 ml of 0.75% isobaric Ropivacaine) provides a comparable quality of sensory block but has a slower onset and significantly shorter duration of motor block compared to Bupivacaine.